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Plundered empire : acquiring antiquities from Ottoman lands / by Michael Greenhalgh.

By: Greenhalgh, Michael [author.]Material type: TextTextSeries: Heritage and identity (Series) ; v. 6.Publisher: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2019]Copyright date: ©2019Description: xxxi, 664 pages : illustrations (chiefly color), maps ; 25 cmContent type: text Media type: unmediated | unmediated Carrier type: volume | volumeISBN: 9004405461; 9789004405462Other title: Acquiring antiquities from Ottoman landsSubject(s): Antiquities -- Collectors and collecting -- History | Archaeology -- Political aspects -- History | Classical antiquities thefts -- History | Classical antiquities -- Destruction and pillage -- History | Mediterranean Region -- AntiquitiesGenre/Form: HistoryDDC classification: 069.09 LOC classification: CC100 | .G74 2019
Contents:
Part 1. Planning Shopping Lists, Ambassadors and Consuls Sites and Scholars -- 1. Setting the Scene, p.3 -- 1. The Ottoman Empire, p.3 -- 2. How and Why a "Plundered Empire?", p.5 -- 3. Travellers Visiting Eastern Mediterranean Shores, p.11 -- 4. From Antiquarianism to Archaeology, p.15 -- 5. Eastern Imports in the Middle Ages, p.19 -- 6. Travel Accounts, Taste and Reliability, p.24 -- 7. Barbarous Turks and Western Looters, p.24 -- 8. Conclusion: Acquisitions and Museums, p.26 -- 2. Armchair Collectors and Shopping Lists, p.29 -- 1. Collecting for the French King: Colbert and His Successors, p.34 -- 2. Shopping Lists and Collecting Targets by Material, p.45 -- 3. Dilettanti, British and Foreign, p.51 -- 3. Ambassadors, Consuls and Firmans, p.65 -- 1. Firmans, Regulations & Division of Antiquities, p.65 -- 2. Ambassadors and Consuls: Archaeology and Travel, p.67 -- 3. Ambassadors and Consuls: Open for Business!, p.70 -- 4. Consuls and Traders, p.73 -- 5. Conclusion, p.84 -- 4. Identifying Sites and Antiquities in Ottoman Lands, p.86 -- 1. Maps, Ancient Authors and Antiquities, p.86 -- 2. Scholars as Pathfinders, p.92 -- 3. Encyclopaedias, Guidebooks, and Travel, p.98 -- 4. Sites Identified, p.99 -- 5. Inscriptions: Quantity, Quality, Utility, p.101 -- 6. Muslim Cemeteries and Mosques, p.118 -- 7. Ancient Cemeteries, Tumuli and Pottery Vases, p.122 -- 8. Ceramics, p.125 -- 9. "Etruscan" Vases: Were They Greek?, p.128 -- 10. Pottery from Tombs in Greece and Elsewhere, p.130 -- 11. Conclusion: Identifying Ancient Styles, p.134 -- Part 2. Discovering and Digging Antiquities -- 5. Antiquities and the Locals, p.141 -- 1. Why Re-Use Marble?, p.144 -- 2. Artillery and Antiquities, p.145 -- 3. Governments and Antiquities, p.151 -- 4. Residents, Bureaucrats, Diggers and Money, p.160 -- 5. Entry to Mosques and Churches, p.164 -- 6. Superstition and Treasure, p.169 -- 7. Locals Hunt for Antiquities, p.172 -- 8. Foreigners Employing Local Workmen, p.174 -- 9. Lime Kilns a Constant and Continuing Problem, p.181 -- 10. Conclusion, p.182 -- 6. Digging Opportunities, p.186 -- 1. Ruin Fields, p.186 -- 2. Antiquities: Quantity versus Quality, p.190 -- 3. The Costs of Excavation, p.192 -- 4. Sites Visible on the Surface, p.194 -- 5. Preventing the Disappearance of Monuments, p.196 -- 6. Many A Slip: Workmen and Demolition, p.197 -- 7. Archaeology, War, Monuments and History, p.197 -- 8. Roman Mosaics, p.200 -- 9. Conclusion, p.205 -- 7. Vandalism, p.207 -- 1. Egypt, p.208 -- 2. Greece, p.209 -- 3. Guidebook Advice for Avaricious Tourists, p.210 -- 4. Tourists, Mummies and Other Egyptian Antiquities, p.212 -- 5. Armiers, Navies and Cannon, p.216 -- 6. Builders and Kilns, p.219 -- 7. Tourists, Inscrptions and Hammers, p.220 -- 8. British versus French Enthusiasm, p.226 -- 9. Lack of Provenance as Vandalism, p.232 -- 10. Pompey's Pillar, Alexandria, p.233 -- 11. Conclusion, p.234 -- 8. Mediterranean Islands, p.237 -- 1. Aegina, p.240 -- 2. Cerigo, p.241 -- 3. Chios, p.242 -- 4. Corfu, p.243 -- 5. Crete, p.244 -- 6. Cyprus, p.247 -- 7. Delos, p.249 -- 8. Kos, p.252 -- 9. Lesbos, p.253 -- 10. Melos, p.254 -- 11. Naxos, p.257 -- 12. Paros, p.258 -- 13. Rhodes, p.260 -- 14. Samos & Nicaaria, p.261 -- 15. Samothrace, p.262 -- 16. Santorini & Nio, p.263 -- 17. Syros, p.264 -- 18. Thasos and Its Mainland Towns, p.265 -- 19. Conclusion, p.266 -- 9. Sites and Travellers in European and Asiatic Turkey, p.269 -- 1. Constantinople and Environs, p.271 -- 2. Temple Towns, p.277 -- 3. Seaside Towns, 291 -- 4. Lampsaki / Lampsacus, p.298 -- 5. Inland Sites with Surviving Antiquities, p.302 -- 6. Destroyed Inland Towns near Growing Populations, p.306 -- 7. Conclusion, p.315 -- 10. Syria and Mesopotamia, p.319 -- 1. Syria, p.319 -- 2. Fortresses Ancient and Mediaeval, p.320 -- 3. Mountain and Desert Wonders, p.321 -- 4. Capital Cities, p.323 -- 5. Uninhabited Ancient Towns, p.328 -- 6. Mesopotamia, p.335 -- 7. Conclusion, p.341 -- 11. Egypt and North Africa, p.343 -- 1. Egypt, p.343 -- 2. Destructive Modernity in Egypt, p.347 -- 3. Cairo, p.352 -- 4. Alexandria, p.354 -- 5. Alexandria: Pompey's Pillar, Obelisks, p.356 -- 6. North Africa, p.362 -- 7. Algeria & Tunisia, p.373 -- 8. Conclusion, p.388 -- 12. Athens under the Ottomans, p.392 -- 1. Athens before Morosini, p.393 -- 2. Athens from Morosini in 1687 to Elgin, p.396 -- 3. Extracting the Marbles: Elgin, the Parthenon and Various Alibis, p.402 -- 4. Athens from Elgin to Independence, p.411 -- 5. What Did Morosini Leave for Elgin? And Elgin for the 19th Century?, p.414 -- 13. Athens under the Greeks, p.418 -- 1. Other Athenian Monuments, p.423 -- 2. Parthenon: Send ack the Elgin Marbles?, p.424 -- 3. Restoring the Parthenon and Re-Mounting the Sculptures, p.427 -- 4. Building the Capital of Greece. Modern Athens from Indepence to the First World War, p.429 -- 5. Independence and Palaces, p.431 -- 6. A Suitable Site for a Capital?, p.434 -- 7. The New City and the Old Monuments, p.436 -- 8. Greek Stewardship of Antiquities, p.445 -- 9. Athens-Growth of the Modern City, p.447 -- 10. Museums in Athens and Greece, p.454 -- 11. Penury and Antiquities, p.455 -- 12. Conclusion, p.458 -- 14. Mainland Greece, p.462 -- 1. Introduction, p.462 -- 2. The Greeks Talk Up Their Crucial Importance, p.464 -- 3. Digging Greece, p.467 -- 4. The Commission scientifique de Moree, 1828-1833, p.479 -- 5. Conclusion: the Dilemma of Museums in Greece, p.494 -- Part 3. Transporting Antiquities, Competing Museums, Imperial Embarges -- 15. Shipping Antiquities Home, p.501 -- 1. The Navy to the Rescue!, p.504 -- 2. Newton at Bodrum, and Other British Enterprises, p.505 -- 3. French Transport for Antiquities, p.507 -- 4. Ottoman Transports of Huge Delight: Colossal Monolithic Antiquities, p.508 -- 6. Casts: Plaster Substitutes, p.512 -- 7. Conclusion, p.516 -- 16. Museums and International Competition, p.518 -- 1. Greek Museums and Monuments in Prospect, p.519 -- 2. International Competition and Cooperation for Antiquities, p.524 -- 3. Mariette: the Archaeologist as Curator and Plunderer, p.525 -- 4. Plunder for Museum Trophies, p.527 -- 5. Flying the Flag, Cofounding the Competition, p.530 -- 6. Plunder for Conservation: the Elgin Marbles Again, p.531 -- 7. Conclusion, p.535 -- 17. The Empire and Greece Strike Back against Governments and Travellers, p.538 -- 1. Imperial Constantinople Denies Plunder to Europe, p.539 -- 2. Ottoman Regulations Annoy Salomon Reinach, p.541 -- 3. Antiquities Laws in Greece, p.545 -- 4. Partage-Ottoman Sharing with Europeans, p.546 -- 5. Western Money, Eastern Sites, Little Time, p.553 -- 6. Conclusion, p.554 -- Conclusion: The Rapacity of Verres!, p.556.
Summary: Concentrates on the sometimes Greek but largely Roman survivals many travellers set out to see and perhaps possess throughout the immense Ottoman Empire, on what were eastward and southward extensions of the Grand Tour. Europeans were curious about the Empire, Christianity's great rival for centuries, and plenty of information on its antiquities was available, offered here via lengthy quotations. Most accounts of the history of collecting and museums concentrate on the European end. 'Plundered Empire' details how and where antiquities were sought, uncovered, bartered, paid for or stolen, and any tribulations in getting them home. The book provides evidence for the continuing debate about the ethics of museum collections, with 19th century international competition the spur to spectacular acquisitions.
Holdings
Item type Current library Call number Status Date due Barcode
Books Books The BIAA David H. French Library
Shelf 66 - Reading Room 		G2f GREEN 32903 Not for loan BOOKS-000000027018

Includes bibliographical references (pages [572]-619) and index.

Part 1. Planning Shopping Lists, Ambassadors and Consuls Sites and Scholars -- 1. Setting the Scene, p.3 -- 1. The Ottoman Empire, p.3 -- 2. How and Why a "Plundered Empire?", p.5 -- 3. Travellers Visiting Eastern Mediterranean Shores, p.11 -- 4. From Antiquarianism to Archaeology, p.15 -- 5. Eastern Imports in the Middle Ages, p.19 -- 6. Travel Accounts, Taste and Reliability, p.24 -- 7. Barbarous Turks and Western Looters, p.24 -- 8. Conclusion: Acquisitions and Museums, p.26 -- 2. Armchair Collectors and Shopping Lists, p.29 -- 1. Collecting for the French King: Colbert and His Successors, p.34 -- 2. Shopping Lists and Collecting Targets by Material, p.45 -- 3. Dilettanti, British and Foreign, p.51 -- 3. Ambassadors, Consuls and Firmans, p.65 -- 1. Firmans, Regulations & Division of Antiquities, p.65 -- 2. Ambassadors and Consuls: Archaeology and Travel, p.67 -- 3. Ambassadors and Consuls: Open for Business!, p.70 -- 4. Consuls and Traders, p.73 -- 5. Conclusion, p.84 -- 4. Identifying Sites and Antiquities in Ottoman Lands, p.86 -- 1. Maps, Ancient Authors and Antiquities, p.86 -- 2. Scholars as Pathfinders, p.92 -- 3. Encyclopaedias, Guidebooks, and Travel, p.98 -- 4. Sites Identified, p.99 -- 5. Inscriptions: Quantity, Quality, Utility, p.101 -- 6. Muslim Cemeteries and Mosques, p.118 -- 7. Ancient Cemeteries, Tumuli and Pottery Vases, p.122 -- 8. Ceramics, p.125 -- 9. "Etruscan" Vases: Were They Greek?, p.128 -- 10. Pottery from Tombs in Greece and Elsewhere, p.130 -- 11. Conclusion: Identifying Ancient Styles, p.134 -- Part 2. Discovering and Digging Antiquities -- 5. Antiquities and the Locals, p.141 -- 1. Why Re-Use Marble?, p.144 -- 2. Artillery and Antiquities, p.145 -- 3. Governments and Antiquities, p.151 -- 4. Residents, Bureaucrats, Diggers and Money, p.160 -- 5. Entry to Mosques and Churches, p.164 -- 6. Superstition and Treasure, p.169 -- 7. Locals Hunt for Antiquities, p.172 -- 8. Foreigners Employing Local Workmen, p.174 -- 9. Lime Kilns a Constant and Continuing Problem, p.181 -- 10. Conclusion, p.182 -- 6. Digging Opportunities, p.186 -- 1. Ruin Fields, p.186 -- 2. Antiquities: Quantity versus Quality, p.190 -- 3. The Costs of Excavation, p.192 -- 4. Sites Visible on the Surface, p.194 -- 5. Preventing the Disappearance of Monuments, p.196 -- 6. Many A Slip: Workmen and Demolition, p.197 -- 7. Archaeology, War, Monuments and History, p.197 -- 8. Roman Mosaics, p.200 -- 9. Conclusion, p.205 -- 7. Vandalism, p.207 -- 1. Egypt, p.208 -- 2. Greece, p.209 -- 3. Guidebook Advice for Avaricious Tourists, p.210 -- 4. Tourists, Mummies and Other Egyptian Antiquities, p.212 -- 5. Armiers, Navies and Cannon, p.216 -- 6. Builders and Kilns, p.219 -- 7. Tourists, Inscrptions and Hammers, p.220 -- 8. British versus French Enthusiasm, p.226 -- 9. Lack of Provenance as Vandalism, p.232 -- 10. Pompey's Pillar, Alexandria, p.233 -- 11. Conclusion, p.234 -- 8. Mediterranean Islands, p.237 -- 1. Aegina, p.240 -- 2. Cerigo, p.241 -- 3. Chios, p.242 -- 4. Corfu, p.243 -- 5. Crete, p.244 -- 6. Cyprus, p.247 -- 7. Delos, p.249 -- 8. Kos, p.252 -- 9. Lesbos, p.253 -- 10. Melos, p.254 -- 11. Naxos, p.257 -- 12. Paros, p.258 -- 13. Rhodes, p.260 -- 14. Samos & Nicaaria, p.261 -- 15. Samothrace, p.262 -- 16. Santorini & Nio, p.263 -- 17. Syros, p.264 -- 18. Thasos and Its Mainland Towns, p.265 -- 19. Conclusion, p.266 -- 9. Sites and Travellers in European and Asiatic Turkey, p.269 -- 1. Constantinople and Environs, p.271 -- 2. Temple Towns, p.277 -- 3. Seaside Towns, 291 -- 4. Lampsaki / Lampsacus, p.298 -- 5. Inland Sites with Surviving Antiquities, p.302 -- 6. Destroyed Inland Towns near Growing Populations, p.306 -- 7. Conclusion, p.315 -- 10. Syria and Mesopotamia, p.319 -- 1. Syria, p.319 -- 2. Fortresses Ancient and Mediaeval, p.320 -- 3. Mountain and Desert Wonders, p.321 -- 4. Capital Cities, p.323 -- 5. Uninhabited Ancient Towns, p.328 -- 6. Mesopotamia, p.335 -- 7. Conclusion, p.341 -- 11. Egypt and North Africa, p.343 -- 1. Egypt, p.343 -- 2. Destructive Modernity in Egypt, p.347 -- 3. Cairo, p.352 -- 4. Alexandria, p.354 -- 5. Alexandria: Pompey's Pillar, Obelisks, p.356 -- 6. North Africa, p.362 -- 7. Algeria & Tunisia, p.373 -- 8. Conclusion, p.388 -- 12. Athens under the Ottomans, p.392 -- 1. Athens before Morosini, p.393 -- 2. Athens from Morosini in 1687 to Elgin, p.396 -- 3. Extracting the Marbles: Elgin, the Parthenon and Various Alibis, p.402 -- 4. Athens from Elgin to Independence, p.411 -- 5. What Did Morosini Leave for Elgin? And Elgin for the 19th Century?, p.414 -- 13. Athens under the Greeks, p.418 -- 1. Other Athenian Monuments, p.423 -- 2. Parthenon: Send ack the Elgin Marbles?, p.424 -- 3. Restoring the Parthenon and Re-Mounting the Sculptures, p.427 -- 4. Building the Capital of Greece. Modern Athens from Indepence to the First World War, p.429 -- 5. Independence and Palaces, p.431 -- 6. A Suitable Site for a Capital?, p.434 -- 7. The New City and the Old Monuments, p.436 -- 8. Greek Stewardship of Antiquities, p.445 -- 9. Athens-Growth of the Modern City, p.447 -- 10. Museums in Athens and Greece, p.454 -- 11. Penury and Antiquities, p.455 -- 12. Conclusion, p.458 -- 14. Mainland Greece, p.462 -- 1. Introduction, p.462 -- 2. The Greeks Talk Up Their Crucial Importance, p.464 -- 3. Digging Greece, p.467 -- 4. The Commission scientifique de Moree, 1828-1833, p.479 -- 5. Conclusion: the Dilemma of Museums in Greece, p.494 -- Part 3. Transporting Antiquities, Competing Museums, Imperial Embarges -- 15. Shipping Antiquities Home, p.501 -- 1. The Navy to the Rescue!, p.504 -- 2. Newton at Bodrum, and Other British Enterprises, p.505 -- 3. French Transport for Antiquities, p.507 -- 4. Ottoman Transports of Huge Delight: Colossal Monolithic Antiquities, p.508 -- 6. Casts: Plaster Substitutes, p.512 -- 7. Conclusion, p.516 -- 16. Museums and International Competition, p.518 -- 1. Greek Museums and Monuments in Prospect, p.519 -- 2. International Competition and Cooperation for Antiquities, p.524 -- 3. Mariette: the Archaeologist as Curator and Plunderer, p.525 -- 4. Plunder for Museum Trophies, p.527 -- 5. Flying the Flag, Cofounding the Competition, p.530 -- 6. Plunder for Conservation: the Elgin Marbles Again, p.531 -- 7. Conclusion, p.535 -- 17. The Empire and Greece Strike Back against Governments and Travellers, p.538 -- 1. Imperial Constantinople Denies Plunder to Europe, p.539 -- 2. Ottoman Regulations Annoy Salomon Reinach, p.541 -- 3. Antiquities Laws in Greece, p.545 -- 4. Partage-Ottoman Sharing with Europeans, p.546 -- 5. Western Money, Eastern Sites, Little Time, p.553 -- 6. Conclusion, p.554 -- Conclusion: The Rapacity of Verres!, p.556.

Concentrates on the sometimes Greek but largely Roman survivals many travellers set out to see and perhaps possess throughout the immense Ottoman Empire, on what were eastward and southward extensions of the Grand Tour. Europeans were curious about the Empire, Christianity's great rival for centuries, and plenty of information on its antiquities was available, offered here via lengthy quotations. Most accounts of the history of collecting and museums concentrate on the European end. 'Plundered Empire' details how and where antiquities were sought, uncovered, bartered, paid for or stolen, and any tribulations in getting them home. The book provides evidence for the continuing debate about the ethics of museum collections, with 19th century international competition the spur to spectacular acquisitions.