TY  - BOOK
AU  - Crone,Patricia
AU  - Hinds,Martin
TI  - God's Caliph: religious authority in the first centuries of Islam 
T2  - University of Cambridge Oriental publications
SN  - 0521541115
AV  - BP166.9 .C76 2003x
U1  - 297.61 21
PY  - 2003///
CY  - Cambridge
PB  - Cambridge University Press
KW  - Caliphate
KW  - Caliphs
KW  - Califat
KW  - Califes
KW  - 15.50 general world history; history of great parts of the world, peoples, civilizations: general
KW  - Kalifaten
KW  - Kaliefen
KW  - Islam
KW  - Wereldlijke macht
KW  - Gezag
KW  - Islam and state
KW  - Islamic Empire
KW  - Politics and government
N2  - This study examines how religious authority was distributed in early Islam. It argues the case that, as in Shi'ism, it was concentrated in the head of state, rather than dispersed among learned laymen as in Sunnism. Originally the caliph was both head of state and ultimate source of religious law; the Sunni pattern represents the outcome of a conflict between the caliph and early scholars who, as spokesmen of the community, assumed religious leadership for themselves. Many Islamicists have assumed the Shi'ite concept of the imamate to be a deviant development. In contrast, this book argues that it is an archaism preserving the concept of religious authority with which all Muslims began. (Publisher)
ER  -